Effect of Different Modes of Exercise on Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Meta-analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of single modal and multimodal exercise interventions on sarcopenia in the elderly. Methods:Randomized controlled trials about the effects of single modal and multimodal exercises on the improvement of sarcopenia in the elderly were retrieved from seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang data) from the establishment of the databases to July, 2021. Two researchers selected the literatures independently, and evaluated the quality of methodology. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Results:A total of 15 studies were incorporated, including 816 cases of sarcopenia. Compared to the blank control group, the skeletal muscle mass index improved little with single (MD = -0.05, 95%CI -0.14 to 0.04, P > 0.05) and multiple (MD = 0.15, 95%CI -0.01 to 0.31, P > 0.05) exercises. The maximum grip force improved with both single (MD = 2.06, 95%CI 0.25 to 3.87, P < 0.05) and multiple (MD = 2.36, 95%CI 1.10 to 3.63, P < 0.001) exercises. The knee extensors strength (SMD = 0.49, 95%CI 0.26 to 0.73, P < 0.001) and the walking speed (MD = 0.24, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.29, P < 0.001) improved with multimodal exercises. Conclusion:Single modal exercise may improve maximal grip strength in the elderly with sarcopenia, and multimodal exercise may be effective on maximal grip strength, knee extensors strength and walking speed.

Effect of (, TLZT) gel preparation on p53 /miR-502-5p /NF-κBp65 in synovial tissue of knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe effects of (, TLZT) gel preparation on p53, miR-502-5p, NF-κBp65 in synovial tissue of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to explore mechanism of TLZT gel preparation in treating KOA.@*METHODS@#Thirthy-six Wistar rats aged 8 weeks and weighed 200 to 220 g (meaned 208 g) were randomly divided into normal group, model group and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group, 12 rats in each group. KOA model was established by modified Hulth method. After 4 weeks of modeling, TCM group treated with TLZT gel preparation for external use, 3 times daily for 2 weeks;normal group and model group were fed normally without intervention. After treatment, morphological changes of specimens in each group were observed, changes of miR-502-5p in synovial tissue were detected by qPCR, and contents of p53, NF-κBp65, IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-13 in synovial tissue were detected by qPCR and Western Blot respectively.@*RESULTS@#(1)Morphological observation of specimens showed that the articular cartilage in model group was hyaline and uneven, the synovial membranes were hypertrophic and proliferative with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating, the joint fluid was thicker in texture;the articular cartilage in TCM group was more transparent and smooth, synovial hyperplasia was mild with a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, the texture of articular fluid was clear and sparse. (2) Compared with normal group, content of miR-502-5p of synovial tissue in model and TCM group were increased, mRNA and expression of p53 decreased, expression of NF-κBp65, IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-13 increased. (3)Compared with model group, content of miR-502-5p in synovial tissue of TCM group decreased (<0.05), mRNA and protein expression of p53 increased (<0.05), mRNA and protein expression of NF-κBp65, IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-13 decreased (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Expression of p53, miR-502 -5p, NF -κBp65 in synovial tissue is closely related to synovial hyperplasia and inflammatory reaction, TLZT gel preparation may reduce proliferation and inflammatory reaction of KOA synovium by regulating the expression of p53, miR- 502-5p, NF-κBp65 in synovial tissues.

Effect of acupuncture on blood pressure variability in elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with essential hypertension / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on blood pressure variability (BPV) in elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with essential hypertension.@*METHODS@#Seventy-six elderly patients with cerebral infraction complicated with essential hypertension were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 38 cases in each group. acupuncture and nifedipin were given in the control group. On the basis treatment in the control group, the and acupuncture was applied at Renying (ST 9), Hegu (LI 4), Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) in the observation group for 30 min. The treatment was given once a day, 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure was monitored in the two groups. The changes of blood pressure and blood pressure variability were observed before and after 8 weeks of treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded.@*RESULTS@#The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), daytime SBP, DBP, nighttime SBP and DBP were reduced in the two groups after 8 weeks of treatment (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@# and acupuncture method can effectively control the blood pressure and blood pressure variability in the elderly patients with cerebral infraction complicated with essential hypertension.

Bioinformatic and Expression Analysis of Ventricular Septal Defect-associated Long Non-coding RNA TUC40- / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the potential role of TUC40- in human and mouse embryonic heart development.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bioinformatics databases including NCBI,UCSC,and Uniprot and software including Clustal,DNAMAN,and MEGA 6 were used to collect information of TUC40- and uc.40-. The expression profile at key time points of heart development was investigated by strand-specific quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Uc.40- was conservative in sequence, genomic location, and transcription factor binding sites across human and mouse. Pbx1/TUC40- showed negative trend during embryonic mouse heart maturation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Various levels of conservation of uc.40- suggests similar functions of TUC40- in these two species. TUC40- may play its roles in human and mouse embryonic heart development by regulating Pbx1.</p>

Effects of interceed on endometrial receptivity in rabbits with intrauterine adhesion / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To observe the effect of anti-adhesion membrane made of oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed) on endometrial receptivity in New Zealand white rabbits with intrauterine adhesion (IUA). Methods-Forty-eight female rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (12 each): normal control group (group A), Interceed control group (group B), untreated model group (group C), and Inte rceed therapy group (group D). Rabbits in group A received sham operation and underwent no modeling. The Interceed was placed into the normal rabbits' uteruses in group B. The IUA rabbit models were reproduced in group C and group D by both mechanical injury and infection. Rabbits in group C were not treated, and in group D Interceed was put into their uteruses 7 days after modeling. Four rabbits in each group were sacrificed on the 28th day, the uterine tissues were collected. The endometrial glands count was performed after HE staining, and the degree of endometrial fibrosis was assessed after Masson staining. For the remaining animals in each group, ovulation was induced by stimulating the vagina in estrus, and they were sacrificed and the uterine tissue was collected on the 7th day after pseudopregnancy. The expression of pinopodes in endometrium was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and that of integrin αvβ3 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results -The expression of glands and the degree of fibrosis in endometrium was obviously improved in group D as compared with that of group C (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found among the groups A, B and D. In group A, and developed pinopodes were abundantly expressed in endometrial surface, and similar changes were found in group B. The expression of pinopodes in group C was scarce, and the development was not synchronized. More pinopodes, with irregular shape and synchronized development, were expressed in group D than in group C. The expression of integrin αvβ3 protein was significantly lower in group C than in group A and group D (P<0.05). Conclusion-Interceed may alleviate the endometrial pathological changes, increase the expression of integrin αVβ3 protein, ameliorate the expression and development of pinopodes, thus improve the endometrial receptivity.

Expression of transferrin in hematoma brain tissue at different stages after intra cerebral hemorrhage in rats

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression of transferrin (Tf) and transferrin receptor (TfR) in hematoma brain tissue at different stage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats.@*METHODS@#ICH rats model were established by collagenase method, and rats were sacrificed at 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d after operation. The levels of Tf and TfR in different periods of rats were detected by immunohistochemical method, and correlation between two groups was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Tf, TfR-positive cells at each time after operation in observation group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). Tf, TfR-positive cells began to increase from 24 h after the operation and reached the peak 72 h-7 d after surgery, but then gradually decreased. Tf was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells around the hematoma, but TfR was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and choroid plexus endothelial cells. Correlation analysis showed that the Tf-positive cell was significantly positively correlated with TfR-positive cell expression (r = 0.447, P = 0.022).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Tf and TfR were important transporters in brain tissue excessive load iron transport after ICH, and detecting the expression levels of the two indicators can provide a reference for prognosis treatment in ICH.

Expression of transferrin in hematoma brain tissue at different stages after intra cerebral hemorrhage in rats

Objective: To explore the expression of transferrin (Tf) and transferrin receptor (TfR) in hematoma brain tissue at different stage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Methods: ICH rats model were established by collagenase method, and rats were sacrificed at 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d after operation. The levels of Tf and TfR in different periods of rats were detected by immunohistochemical method, and correlation between two groups was analyzed. Results: Tf, TfR-positive cells at each time after operation in observation group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). Tf, TfR-positive cells began to increase from 24 h after the operation and reached the peak 72 h-7 d after surgery, but then gradually decreased. Tf was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells around the hematoma, but TfR was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and choroid plexus endothelial cells. Correlation analysis showed that the Tf-positive cell was significantly positively correlated with TfR-positive cell expression (r = 0.447, P = 0.022). Conclusions: Tf and TfR were important transporters in brain tissue excessive load iron transport after ICH, and detecting the expression levels of the two indicators can provide a reference for prognosis treatment in ICH.

A new sesquiterpene lactone from the fruits of Illicium henryi / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of the fruits of Illicium henryi.@*METHOD@#Chromatographic separations on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel and MCI gel were used to isolate the compounds. The structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data analyses.@*RESULTS@#Seven compounds were obtained and their structures were identified as 10-benzoyl-cycloparvifloralone (1), cycloparvifloralone (2), 2α-hydroxycycloparviforalone (3), henrylactone B (4), merrillianone (5), henrylactone C (6) and 7, 14-ortholactone- 3-hydroxyfloridanolide (7).@*CONCLUSION@#Compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene lactone. The tested compounds showed weak anti-HBV activities on HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) secretion and HBV e antigen (HBeAg) secretion using Hep G2.2.15 cell line.

Chemical constituents from the fruits of Illicium lanceolatum / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents from the fruits oi Illicium lanceolatum. METHODS: The fruits oil. lanceolatumwere extracted with 95% ethanol. The ethanol extract was subjected to silica column, Sephadex LH-20 and MCI chromatography. The isolated compounds were identified on the basis of spectral analyses including MS, H-NMR, and C-NMR. RESULTS: Twelve compounds were isolated, which were characterized as 2, 4-dihydroxy-allylbenzene-2-O-β-D-gluco-pyranoside(1), (+) -catechin (2), quercetin-3-O-β-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), rutin (4), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (5), 6-deoxy-1-hydroxy neoanisatin (6), anisatin(7), icariside E3 (8), (75, 8R)-urolignoside (9), 4-hydroxy acid benzoic acid(10), shikimic acid(11) and β-sitosterol(12). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1, 4-6, and 8-10 are obtained from I. lanceolatum for the first time.

Preliminary study on the health status among the "left-behind" children in the Xiantao rural area of Hubei Province / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the health status of the primary school children who remain in their home villages (the "left-behind" children) in a rural area of Hubei Province, Central China, whilst their parents are migrant workers in the cities of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1000 pupils in the 4th to 6th grade from six rural primary schools in Xiantao City, Hubei Province were enrolled. All subjects were surveyed with questionnaires and received physical examinations. Pupils whose parents had no history of migrant work and who lived with both parents were defined as the control groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 875 valid questionnaires, there were 590 "left-behind" children and 285 controls. The mean body weight was significantly lower among the "left-behind" children (35.5 ± 7.1 kg) than the controls (36.3 ± 8.8 kg) (P<0.05). The weight/age z score of "left-behind" children (-0.9811 ± 0.54) was also significantly lower than that of the controls (-0.7012 ± 0.34) (P<0.05). However, the other physical indicators including body height, height/age z score, thickness of sebum, and body mass index and the common nutrition status showed no significant differences between the two groups. The "left-behind" children scored significantly higher in the Children's Depression Inventory than the controls (11.4 ± 7.2 vs 8.0 ± 5.8, P<0.01), and the incidence of depression was also significantly higher in "left-behind" children than in controls (15.3% vs 6.0%, P<0.01). Compared with the controls, the "left-behind" children had significantly higher incidences of antiadoncus (32.0% vs 23.2%; P<0.01), respiratory tract infections (14.6% vs 9.5%; P<0.05), and gastrointestinal infections (7.6% vs 3.9%; P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Although the "left-behind" children have normal nutrition status, they tend to have poor mental health and are more susceptible to infections.</p>

Ginsenoside R(g1) inhibit transdifferentiation in rat renal tubular epethelial cells induced by TGF-beta1 / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of ginsenoside R(g1) on the transdifferentiation of rat renal tubular epethelial cells induced by transforming growth factor-beta1, (TGF-beta1).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Cultured normal rat renal tubular epethelial cells (NRK-52E) were divided into control group, TGF-beta1-induced group and treated with ginsenoside R(g1) at different concentration (10, 20, 40 mg x L(-1)) group. The morphology of tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation induced by TGF-beta1 was observed through light microscope. alpha-SMA and E-cadherin protein expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses. alpha-SMA, collagen I and and fibronectin gene expression were assessed by real-time quantitative chain reaction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantitatively detect collagen I and fibronectin in the supernatant.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>10 mg x L(-1) TGF-beta1 could induce the transdifferentiation of tubular epithelial myofibroblast, showing fibroblast-like in morphology, with significantly enhanced expression of alpha-SMA, depressed expression of E-cadherin and increased secretion of fibronectin and collagen I (P < 0.05). Compared to TGF-beta1-induced group, ginsenoside R(g1) partly abrogated the alpha-SMA expression and E-cadherin depression triggered by TGF-beta1 in tubular epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Meanhile, ginsenoside R(g1) blocked morphologic transformation of tubular epithelial cells and decreased levels of collagen I and fibronectin (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ginsenoside R(g1) could inhibit TGF-beta1 induced the tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and decreased levels of collagen I and fibronectin in NRK52E.</p>

Assessment of personal noise exposure of overhead-traveling crane drivers in steel-rolling mills / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Noise is widespread occupational hazard in iron and steel industry. Overhead-traveling cranes are widely used in this industry, but few studies characterized the overhead-traveling crane drivers' noise exposure level so far. In this study, we assessed and characterized personal noise exposure levels of overhead-traveling crane drivers in two steel-rolling mills.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-four overhead-traveling crane drivers, 76 in the cold steel-rolling mill and 48 in the hot steel-rolling mill, were enrolled in the study. Personal noise dosimeters (AIHUA Instruments Model AWA5610e, Hangzhou, China) were used to collect full-shift noise exposure data from all the participants. Crane drivers carried dosimeters with microphones placed near their collars during the work shifts. Work logs had been taken by the drivers simultaneously. Personal noise exposure data were divided into segments based on lines in which they worked. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS 13.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average personal noise exposure (L(Aeq.8h)) of overhead-traveling crane drivers in the hot steel-rolling mills ((85.03 +/- 2.25) dB (A)) was higher than that in the cold one ((83.05 +/- 2.93) dB (A), P < 0.001). There were 17 overhead traveling cranes in the hot steel-rolling mill and 24 cranes in the cold one, of which carrying capacities varied from 15 tons to 100 tons. The average noise exposure level based on different lines in the hot and cold steel-rolling mills were (85.2 +/- 2.61) dB (A) and (83.3 +/- 3.10) dB (A) respectively (P = 0.001), which were similar to the average personal noise exposure in both mills. The noise exposure levels were different among different lines (P = 0.021).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Noise exposure levels, depending upon background noise levels and the noise levels on the ground, are inconstant. As the noise exposure levels are above the 85 dB (A) criteria, these drivers should be involved in the Hearing Conservation Program to protect their hearing.</p>